ESA European Seed Association is the voice of the European seed industry, representing the interests of those active in research, breeding, production and marketing of seeds of agricultural, horticultural and ornamental plant species. Today, ESA has more than 35 national member associations, from EU Members States and beyond, representing several thousand seed businesses, as well as more than 70 direct company members, including from seed related industries. Mission ESA’s mission is to engage on behalf of its members with all relevant European decision makers in order to represent their interests and to contribute to a • fair and proportionate regulation of the European seed sector • freedom of choice for customers (farmers, growers, industry, consumers) in supplying seeds as a result of innovative, diverse technologies and production methods • effective protection of intellectual property rights relating to plants and seeds.

History ESA was founded in November 2000, bringing together four former European seed associations and individual seed companies into one single Europe-wide organisation representing the totality of the European seed sector. Already in 1961, COSEMCO (Seed Trade), in 1964 ASSOPOMAC (Potato Breeders), in 1970 AMUFOC (Forage Seed Production) and in 1977 COMASSO (Plant Breeders) were founded, with each association representing important parts of the plant breeding, seed production and marketing chain.

In the heart, low potassium levels make the myocytes hypo-polarized or hyper excitable. Thus, arrhythmia occurs as a result of the atrium’s lowered membrane potential due to recovery from inactivation of the Na channel, which may trigger an action potential. -landscape/314119-stock-vector-cartoon-nature-50-eps.html 2013-08-01 0.6.

In 1998, these associations established a first joint organisational structure as a platform for common activities before fully merging into ESA in 2000. By Royal Decree of 2nd April 2002 ESA has been granted the legal status of non-profit International Association (AISBL) following Belgian Law. Transparency ESA is registered on the Joint EU Commission and Parliament Transparency Register under. • annual meeting Thanks for participating this year in Madrid, Spain, 7-9 October 2018.

See you next year in Stockholm, Sweden, 13-15 October 2019. • pinto Database ESA has developed PINTO, a database which provides information on plant varieties that fall under the scope of a patent in Europe. • Esta scheme ESA has developed the “European Seed Treatment Assurance” (ESTA) scheme for quality assurance of plant protection products and the handling and use of treated seed. • Voluntary benefit sharing activities of the seed sector Explore the voluntary benefit-sharing activities the seed sector is engaged in and discover interesting projects across the world.

Moderate Beta- 2 adrenergic bronchodilators (Includes salmeterol) ↔ cardiovascular Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applies to: Hyperthyroidism, Heart Disease, Hypertension Adrenergic bronchodilators can stimulate cardiovascular beta- 1 and beta- 2 receptors, resulting in adverse effects such as tachycardia, palpitation, peripheral vasodilation, blood pressure changes, and ECG changes (e.g., flattening of the T wave; prolongation of the QT interval; ST segment depression).

Direct stimulation of cardiac tissues is mediated by beta- 1 receptors and thus less likely to occur with beta-2-selective agents such as albuterol. However, beta-2-selectivity is not absolute and can be lost with larger doses. High dosages of these agents have been associated with precipitation or aggravation of angina, myocardial ischemia, and cardiac arrhythmias. Therapy with adrenergic bronchodilators should be administered cautiously in patients with sensitivity to sympathomimetic amines, hyperthyroidism, and/or underlying cardiovascular disorders such as coronary insufficiency, cardiac arrhythmias, or hypertension. The recommended dosages should not be exceeded. References • 'Product Information.

Brethaire (terbutaline).' Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ. • Tranfa CME, Pelaia G, Grembiale RD, Naty S, Durante S, Borrello G 'Short-term cardiovascular effects of salmeterol.' Chest 113 (1998): 1272-6 • Price AH, Clissold SP 'Salbutamol in the 1980s. A reappraisal of its clinical efficacy.' Drugs 38 (1989): 77-122 • Richards DM, Brogden RN 'Pirbuterol.

Sn gen microsoft imei skachatj key. A preliminary review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in reversible bronchospastic disease.' Drugs 30 (1985): 6-21 • Maguire GP, Emirgil C 'Bronchodilator and side effects of different modes of administration of metaproterenol: inhaled, oral, and in combination.'